Environmental Science (B.S.)

Program Overview

The Environmental Science major curriculum provides a strong foundation for students planning a career in the environmental field. Environmental science is an interdisciplinary curriculum drawing heavily from biology and chemistry with important contributions also from ethics, theology, economics, and mathematics. It is the recommended major for students who will enter graduate programs in such fields as ecology, environmental science, environmental law, environmental public policy, regional planning, landscape architecture, conservation biology, and the marine sciences.  The array of courses in environmental techniques, geographic information systems, chemistry, and policy, also equip students with the vital skill set necessary for immediate employment in the rapidly expanding environmental job market. Courses structured as consulting firms—in which the final course product is a formal report or recommendation to an off-campus client—provide exception real-world preparation sought by employers.

The recommended first-year curriculum for the environmental science major is identical to the biology major in order to provide maximum flexibility for students. An important feature included in the environmental science curriculum is the encouraged participation at Au Sable Institute of Environmental Studies, located in northern Michigan, or the QERC Costa Rica Program, situated in the cloud forest highlands in central Costa Rica. Information on these programs is available from the Department Office or your environmental science advisor.

Program Learning Outcomes

Graduates from Messiah’s Environmental Science program can:

  1. Understand the nature of science, biological molecules, cell structure and function, enzymes, metabolism, and classical and molecular genetics.
  2. Understand the diversity of animal life; comparative aspects of development, physiology, morphology; life history, behavioral ecology, and evolutionary biology of animals.
  3. Understand the diversity of plants; flowering plant anatomy, physiology, reproduction, and ecology; distribution of major plant communities with global climate patterns; biogeochemical cycles.
  4. Explain population genetics and how evolution affects populations through mutation, migration, non-random mating, genetic drift, and inbreeding

  5. Articulate the interactions of organisms at the species, community, and ecosystem levels; evidences for modern evolutionary thought in the context of a Christian world view. 

  6. Demonstrate substantive knowledge of geologic terms, processes and time scale.

  7. Summarize theoretical structure and philosophical assumptions of environmental science.

  8. Appraise human impact on above systems and potential responses from a Christian Stewardship world view.
  9.  Participate in investigative-style laboratory experiences.
  10.  Work as teams in conducting laboratory and field research.
  11. Participate in intentional writing skills development within the major.

  12. Apply and extend basic field and laboratory skills.

  13. Present research results to an audience (e.g., in-class, on-campus, symposia, off-campus venues).

  14. Express proficiency in basic field and laboratory techniques (e.g., microscopy, dissection, slide preparation, wetland delineation, plant and animal identification, radio telemetry, geological context identification, analysis of biological communities).

  15. Demonstrate familiarity with essential laboratory and field safety protocols.

  16. Develop the ability to search the biological literature and retrieve papers from journals.

  17. Compose technical lab reports in format similar to scientific journals and reports similar in format to government and consulting reports.

  18. Demonstrate proficiency of software applications such as Excel, Word, PowerPoint, and ArcGIS in analysis and reporting of scientific data.

  19. Summarize options for employment, voluntary service, and/or graduate education in environmental science.

  20. Articulate the inter-relatedness of living organisms & humanity’s calling to creation stewardship.

  21. Summarize various models that relate science and Christian faith.

  22. Paraphrase historical, philosophical, and ethical aspects of Environmental Sciences.

Major Requirements

Complete the following for your major:

BIOL 170Cell and Animal Physiology

4

BIOL 171Biological Sciences Cornerstone

1

BIOL 172Diversity of Life and Plant Science

4

BIOL 262Ecology

4

BIOL 332Plant Taxonomy and Systematics

4

BIOL 336Restoration Ecology

4

CHEM 105General Chemistry I

4

CHEM 106General Chemistry II

4

CHEM 204Organic Chemistry for the Life Sciences

4

CHEM 240Environmental Chemistry

4

ENVS 270Environmental Techniques and Policy: Terrestrial

2

ENVS 271Environmental Techniques and Policy: Water and Wetlands

2

GEOL 201Foundations of Geology

4

GIS 245Introduction to Geographic Information Systems

3

STAT 269Introductory Statistics

3

BIOL 262: Writing requirement for the major.
All Environmental Science majors intending to enter graduate school and whose work will involve a significant amount of chemical emphasis should substitute CHEM 309, 310 for CHEM 204. Likewise, a calculus course (MATH 108 or MATH 111) and/or physics (PHYS 201, PHYS 202, PHYS 211 or PHYS 212) are recommended for graduate school preparation.
All Environmental Science majors are encouraged to complete one course at AuSable Institute. AuSable courses can count only as elective credit. Majors are encouraged to do an internship and/or research experience.
The Costa Rica course does not fulfill General Education requirements for Ethics.
^Prerequisite(s) may increase the total credits required.

Four credits from the following:

BIOL 456Ornithology

4

BIOL 458Herpetology

4

Three credits from the following:

ENVS 315Environmental Ethics

3

THEO 3105Biblical Theology and Global Stewardship

3

Seven to nine credits from the following:

BIOL 265Microbiology

4

BIOL 302Rocky Mountain Ecosystems

3

BIOL 304Tropical Biology

3

BIOL 348Animal Behavior

3

BIOL 456Ornithology

4

BIOL 458Herpetology

4

ENGR 353Environmental Engineering

4

ENGR 440Water and Wastewater Management

3

ENGR 453Hazardous Waste and Air Pollution Management

3

ASI 301Land Resources

4

ASI 302Lake Ecology and Management

4

ASI 310Environmental Law and Policy

4

ASI 318Marine Biology

4

ASI 342Fish Ecology and Management

4

ASI 345Wildlife Ecology

4

ASI 359Marine Mammals

4

ASI 368Forest Ecology

4

ASI 371Forest Management

4

ASI 381Urban Wildlife Ecology

4

ASI 471Conservation Biology

4

ASI 478Alpine Ecology

4

* All Environmental Science majors are encouraged to complete one course at AuSable Institute. AuSable courses can count only as elective credit. Majors are encouraged to do an internship and/or research experience.

Students may also select BIOL 3105 Tropical Ecology and Sustainability(Costa Rica) (3) to fulfill this requirement.

QuEST Requirements

Experiential Learning requirement 0
QuEST requirements Credits
First Year Seminar 3
Oral Communication 3
Created and Called for Community (W) 3
Mathematical Sciences (STAT 269) met/major
Laboratory Science (BIOL 170, BIOL 172 or CHEM 105) met/major
Science, Technology & the World waived
Two of the following (six credits total):
   Social Science
   European History
   United States History
6
Literature 3
Philosophy and Religion 3
Arts 3
First Semester of Language 3
Second Semester of Language 3
Third Semester of Language or Cross Cultural 3
Non-Western Studies 2-3
Bible 3
Christian Beliefs 3
Wellness course 1
Ethics, World Views or Pluralism (ENVS 315) met/major or 3
QuEST requirements 42-46
Major requirements 68-70
Free electives 13-7
Total credits 123